Explain like I'm five · Emerging Tech

What is Virtual Reality (VR)?

Virtual reality, told as a story about a booth where putting on a headset replaces your whole field of view with a virtual world.

a photo of a high place isn't scary, is it?a flat photo gives no sense of actually being there

Just looking at a photo of a high place, it's not scary at all?A flat photo gives no sense of actually being there.

use a flat screen for training, and outside it you're still just in a classroom

Use a flat screen for training, and outside it you're still just in a classroom.A flat screen can't give that sense of immersion.

a visitor wearing the headsetVR = your whole field of view becomes a virtual world, making you feel like you're inside itturn your head, and the virtual world turns with you

VR makes your whole field of view become a virtual world, so you feel like you're inside it.Turn your head, and the virtual world turns with you.

Cover the whole viewthe headset blocks everything else
Track head movementthe view follows your head
Handle with controllershandle virtual objects with your hands
Fake touch with hapticsa buzz stands in for touch
VIRTUALfully virtualreal world hiddenAUGMENTEDreal world + overlayreal world stays visibleMIXEDreal and virtual react to each othervirtual objects feel touchableVR, AR, and MR differ in how much they mix reality and virtual content

VR, AR, and MR differ in how much they mix reality and virtual content.VR is fully virtual, AR overlays virtual content onto reality, and MR lets reality and virtual content react to each other.

a delayed headset response can cause dizzinesslong wear is tiring, and pricey gear slows adoptionVR is just one way to experience the metaverse

A delayed headset response can cause dizziness, and long wear tires you out.VR is just one way to experience the metaverse.

In one breath

Virtual reality (VR) uses a headset to replace your whole field of view with a virtual world, making you feel like you're inside it.

VR uses a head-mounted display (HMD) to fully replace the user's view with virtual content, tracking head and hand movement to react in real time. It's distinct from AR, which overlays virtual information on an unobstructed view of reality, and MR, where reality and virtual content react to each other. A mismatch between what the eyes see and what the body feels can trigger motion sickness ('cybersickness'), and latency makes it worse. Extended-wear fatigue plus equipment cost remain barriers to wider adoption.

When grown-ups say it

Virtual Reality
A headset that replaces your whole view with virtual content. Covers your entire field of view.
Augmented Reality
Overlaying virtual info onto reality. Reality stays fully visible.
Mixed Reality
Reality and virtual content reacting to each other. Lets you handle virtual objects as if touching them.
Metaverse
The shared virtual space avatars gather in. VR is one way to experience it. → the Metaverse booth
HMD
A screen worn on the head; for VR it fully covers your view. The core piece of VR hardware.
Cybersickness / VR Sickness
Dizziness in VR, mainly blamed on a mismatch between what the eyes see and the body feels. Worse the slower the tracking and response.
Head Tracking
Reading head direction to change the view. The key technology behind immersion.
Digital Twin
A twin that copies a real machine exactly. VR can even let you walk around inside a twin. → the Digital Twin booth
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